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Gemstone Science
When Jadeite Tests Point in Different Direction...
Why jadeite tests can disagree: how refractive index, density, infrared, and Raman evidence intersect in identifying natural, treated, synthetic, and imitation jadeite.
When Jadeite Tests Point in Different Direction...
Why jadeite tests can disagree: how refractive index, density, infrared, and Raman evidence intersect in identifying natural, treated, synthetic, and imitation jadeite.
The Optical Cost of Stabilization: How Filled T...
A geochemical and optical explanation of why stabilized turquoise appears brighter, how pore-filling reduces scattering contrast, and why luster changes alone cannot prove treatment.
The Optical Cost of Stabilization: How Filled T...
A geochemical and optical explanation of why stabilized turquoise appears brighter, how pore-filling reduces scattering contrast, and why luster changes alone cannot prove treatment.
Needle Lattice: Why Tourmalinated Quartz Inclus...
Tourmalinated quartz needles are not simply frozen cracks. Learn how crystal growth relationships, needle morphology, and inclusion evidence distinguish primary tourmaline from later fracture filling.
Needle Lattice: Why Tourmalinated Quartz Inclus...
Tourmalinated quartz needles are not simply frozen cracks. Learn how crystal growth relationships, needle morphology, and inclusion evidence distinguish primary tourmaline from later fracture filling.
What Oxygen Isotopes Can and Cannot Reveal Abou...
How oxygen isotope analysis contributes to Colombian emerald origin determination, why temperature correction limits precision, and why isotopes alone cannot prove a specific mine source.
What Oxygen Isotopes Can and Cannot Reveal Abou...
How oxygen isotope analysis contributes to Colombian emerald origin determination, why temperature correction limits precision, and why isotopes alone cannot prove a specific mine source.
When Crystal Growth Method Leaves No Visible Tr...
Flame-fusion YAG can be nearly featureless under microscopy. Learn how crystal structure, physical properties, spectroscopy, and trace-element analysis combine to identify this synthetic gem material and infer its growth method.
When Crystal Growth Method Leaves No Visible Tr...
Flame-fusion YAG can be nearly featureless under microscopy. Learn how crystal structure, physical properties, spectroscopy, and trace-element analysis combine to identify this synthetic gem material and infer its growth method.
When a Rock Becomes a Gem: Why Charoite's Depos...
Why charoite deposits resemble carbonatite systems but form through distinct silicate-rich metasomatic processes, and what microscopy, chemistry, and texture reveal about its geological origin.
When a Rock Becomes a Gem: Why Charoite's Depos...
Why charoite deposits resemble carbonatite systems but form through distinct silicate-rich metasomatic processes, and what microscopy, chemistry, and texture reveal about its geological origin.