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Gemstone Science
Why Pearls, Coral, and Shell Can Look Alike Wit...
Learn why pearls, coral, and shell can appear similar despite different biomineralization processes. Explore aragonite vs calcite, nacre structure, and the limits of gemological testing.
Why Pearls, Coral, and Shell Can Look Alike Wit...
Learn why pearls, coral, and shell can appear similar despite different biomineralization processes. Explore aragonite vs calcite, nacre structure, and the limits of gemological testing.
What Fluorescence in Obsidian Can and Cannot Re...
Obsidian fluorescence and phosphorescence are usually weak and unreliable for identification or origin. Learn what causes the glow and which evidence matters more in glass analysis.
What Fluorescence in Obsidian Can and Cannot Re...
Obsidian fluorescence and phosphorescence are usually weak and unreliable for identification or origin. Learn what causes the glow and which evidence matters more in glass analysis.
Color Without Chromophores: What Trace-Element ...
Ethiopian opal color is governed less by trace-element chromophores than by structure, water, scattering, and silica sphere diffraction. Learn where trace-element analysis still matters and where it cannot explain visible...
Color Without Chromophores: What Trace-Element ...
Ethiopian opal color is governed less by trace-element chromophores than by structure, water, scattering, and silica sphere diffraction. Learn where trace-element analysis still matters and where it cannot explain visible...
Feldspar or Impostor? Separating Measurement Un...
Feldspar solid solutions create overlapping optical and chemical signals. Learn why measurement uncertainty shapes synthetic and imitation detection limits.
Feldspar or Impostor? Separating Measurement Un...
Feldspar solid solutions create overlapping optical and chemical signals. Learn why measurement uncertainty shapes synthetic and imitation detection limits.
When Green Bloodstone Is Not Bloodstone: Detect...
How synthetic and imitation detection works for bloodstone: dye distribution in chalcedony, color mechanisms, and why refractive index and density alone cannot separate natural from treated material.
When Green Bloodstone Is Not Bloodstone: Detect...
How synthetic and imitation detection works for bloodstone: dye distribution in chalcedony, color mechanisms, and why refractive index and density alone cannot separate natural from treated material.
When a Fissure Is Not Empty: Distinguishing Eme...
How fracture filling reduces optical contrast in emerald, why natural fluid inclusions can mimic the effect, and what microscopy, Raman, FTIR, and elemental analysis can and cannot establish about the...
When a Fissure Is Not Empty: Distinguishing Eme...
How fracture filling reduces optical contrast in emerald, why natural fluid inclusions can mimic the effect, and what microscopy, Raman, FTIR, and elemental analysis can and cannot establish about the...