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Gemstone Science
Reading Heliodor's Growth Record Through Analyt...
How trace-element chemistry and zoning in yellow beryl create measurement challenges, and why interpreting heliodor requires multiple lines of evidence and clear uncertainty.
Reading Heliodor's Growth Record Through Analyt...
How trace-element chemistry and zoning in yellow beryl create measurement challenges, and why interpreting heliodor requires multiple lines of evidence and clear uncertainty.
When Glass-Ceramic Gemstones Defy the Assumptio...
Why controlled crystallization lets glass-ceramic gemstones stay transparent and hard, and how microstructure governs their physical aging and analytical identification.
When Glass-Ceramic Gemstones Defy the Assumptio...
Why controlled crystallization lets glass-ceramic gemstones stay transparent and hard, and how microstructure governs their physical aging and analytical identification.
Uneven Evidence: Why Clear Quartz Is Not Analyt...
Clear quartz is chemically simple but internally variable. This article explains how growth zoning, inclusions, and sampling choices affect analytical interpretation and measurement uncertainty.
Uneven Evidence: Why Clear Quartz Is Not Analyt...
Clear quartz is chemically simple but internally variable. This article explains how growth zoning, inclusions, and sampling choices affect analytical interpretation and measurement uncertainty.
Amber, Copal, and the Structural Chemistry of M...
Amber and copal differ by degree of resin polymerization, not by a fixed age. Explore cross-linking, structural change, and analytical evidence in organic gem materials.
Amber, Copal, and the Structural Chemistry of M...
Amber and copal differ by degree of resin polymerization, not by a fixed age. Explore cross-linking, structural change, and analytical evidence in organic gem materials.
When Labradorite Breaks Down: Weathering, Place...
How weathering and placer concentration affect labradorite labradorescence. Learn why feldspar grains survive transport while the exsolution lamellae that produce the optical effect often degrade.
When Labradorite Breaks Down: Weathering, Place...
How weathering and placer concentration affect labradorite labradorescence. Learn why feldspar grains survive transport while the exsolution lamellae that produce the optical effect often degrade.
Reading Spinel Correctly When Every Instrument ...
Why spinel resists one-step gem identification: the overlapping roles of refractive index, specific gravity, absorption spectroscopy, microscopy, and trace-element analysis, and how laboratories combine partial evidence to reach defensible conclusions.
Reading Spinel Correctly When Every Instrument ...
Why spinel resists one-step gem identification: the overlapping roles of refractive index, specific gravity, absorption spectroscopy, microscopy, and trace-element analysis, and how laboratories combine partial evidence to reach defensible conclusions.