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Gemstone Science
Reading Color in Vesuvianite: Chromophores, Cha...
How crystal-field absorption, intervalence charge transfer, and defect mechanisms contribute to vesuvianite color, and why no single analytical test conclusively identifies the chromophore in a compositionally complex mineral.
Reading Color in Vesuvianite: Chromophores, Cha...
How crystal-field absorption, intervalence charge transfer, and defect mechanisms contribute to vesuvianite color, and why no single analytical test conclusively identifies the chromophore in a compositionally complex mineral.
Sphene Under the Microscope: When Exsolution Te...
How exsolution lamellae and internal microstructures in sphene (titanite) create a gap between microscopic appearance and instrumental analysis, and why both lines of evidence are needed.
Sphene Under the Microscope: When Exsolution Te...
How exsolution lamellae and internal microstructures in sphene (titanite) create a gap between microscopic appearance and instrumental analysis, and why both lines of evidence are needed.
Reading Weathering in Cat's Eye Chrysoberyl: Wh...
How chatoyancy in cat's eye chrysoberyl forms during primary growth, what weathering and placer concentration actually do to the stone, and why surface and deposit evidence cannot substitute for structural...
Reading Weathering in Cat's Eye Chrysoberyl: Wh...
How chatoyancy in cat's eye chrysoberyl forms during primary growth, what weathering and placer concentration actually do to the stone, and why surface and deposit evidence cannot substitute for structural...
Why Malachite and Its Look-Alikes Share Nothing...
Why malachite is green, why other materials can look nearly identical, and how microscopy, spectroscopy, and physical measurements distinguish intrinsic body color from imitations and surface treatments.
Why Malachite and Its Look-Alikes Share Nothing...
Why malachite is green, why other materials can look nearly identical, and how microscopy, spectroscopy, and physical measurements distinguish intrinsic body color from imitations and surface treatments.
Reading a Star Sapphire: Surface Signals, Bulk ...
Why no single measurement identifies a star sapphire. Surface tests, bulk spectroscopy, and asterism are separate evidence layers; origin and treatment need combined methods and stated uncertainty.
Reading a Star Sapphire: Surface Signals, Bulk ...
Why no single measurement identifies a star sapphire. Surface tests, bulk spectroscopy, and asterism are separate evidence layers; origin and treatment need combined methods and stated uncertainty.