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Gemstone Science
Carnelian, Quartz Polymorphs, and the Phase Cha...
Carnelian colour depends on iron oxide phases and silica polymorphism. Explore phase transformations, moganite, microstructure, and why field observation and laboratory analysis answer different questions.
Carnelian, Quartz Polymorphs, and the Phase Cha...
Carnelian colour depends on iron oxide phases and silica polymorphism. Explore phase transformations, moganite, microstructure, and why field observation and laboratory analysis answer different questions.
When Physical Behavior Diverges in Dyed Agate, ...
How dye uptake and physical behavior differ between microcrystalline agate and biomineralized pearl, coral, and shell, and what analytical methods can and cannot establish.
When Physical Behavior Diverges in Dyed Agate, ...
How dye uptake and physical behavior differ between microcrystalline agate and biomineralized pearl, coral, and shell, and what analytical methods can and cannot establish.
Assembled Pink Doublets and the Limits of Visua...
Pink stones resembling morganite can be assembled doublets. Learn how bonded interfaces affect refractive index, specific gravity, and polariscope readings, and why laboratories may reach different conclusions about the same...
Assembled Pink Doublets and the Limits of Visua...
Pink stones resembling morganite can be assembled doublets. Learn how bonded interfaces affect refractive index, specific gravity, and polariscope readings, and why laboratories may reach different conclusions about the same...
When Two Pearls Look Alike: How Layered Microst...
How the layered aragonite-organic microstructure of nacre produces pearl luster and orient, and why simulants and coated beads can mimic appearance without reproducing the structure that causes it.
When Two Pearls Look Alike: How Layered Microst...
How the layered aragonite-organic microstructure of nacre produces pearl luster and orient, and why simulants and coated beads can mimic appearance without reproducing the structure that causes it.
How Dumortierite’s Orthorhombic Structure Limit...
Why dumortierite's orthorhombic structure limits simple synthetic detection, and how microscopy, elemental analysis, and spectroscopy combine into a cautious evidence chain.
How Dumortierite’s Orthorhombic Structure Limit...
Why dumortierite's orthorhombic structure limits simple synthetic detection, and how microscopy, elemental analysis, and spectroscopy combine into a cautious evidence chain.
Why Tsavorite Identification Cannot Rely on One...
Why tsavorite identification cannot rely on refractive index or density alone: garnet solid solution, chromium absorption, trace chemistry, and the evidence chain behind a reliable conclusion.
Why Tsavorite Identification Cannot Rely on One...
Why tsavorite identification cannot rely on refractive index or density alone: garnet solid solution, chromium absorption, trace chemistry, and the evidence chain behind a reliable conclusion.