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Before the Gems Reached the Counter: Carnelian ...
How did carnelian agate move through premodern merchant networks without documented provenance? A historical look at source reputation, market trust, and the limits of the chain of custody.
Before the Gems Reached the Counter: Carnelian ...
How did carnelian agate move through premodern merchant networks without documented provenance? A historical look at source reputation, market trust, and the limits of the chain of custody.
Sardonyx, Rome, and the Problem of Naming a Ban...
How the Roman engraved-gem material sardonyx acquired a name that later traditions could not map cleanly onto modern mineralogy, and what that tells us about ancient classification and evidence.
Sardonyx, Rome, and the Problem of Naming a Ban...
How the Roman engraved-gem material sardonyx acquired a name that later traditions could not map cleanly onto modern mineralogy, and what that tells us about ancient classification and evidence.
Azurite in the Royal Workshops: What Mining Com...
How did azurite reach royal courts? Explore the mining communities, workshop practices, and material knowledge behind this blue copper mineral and its role in courtly decorative arts.
Azurite in the Royal Workshops: What Mining Com...
How did azurite reach royal courts? Explore the mining communities, workshop practices, and material knowledge behind this blue copper mineral and its role in courtly decorative arts.
Chrysoberyl and the Social Life of a Miners' Ge...
How chrysoberyl remained a modest gem of Ceylon's mining communities, shaped by colonial trade, mineral reclassification, and social distinction rather than royal patronage.
Chrysoberyl and the Social Life of a Miners' Ge...
How chrysoberyl remained a modest gem of Ceylon's mining communities, shaped by colonial trade, mineral reclassification, and social distinction rather than royal patronage.
Sardonyx Seals and the Afterlives of Sacred Tre...
How sardonyx cameos with Christian imagery moved through courts, treasuries, war, and museums, revealing the history of sacred adornment as custody and redistribution.
Sardonyx Seals and the Afterlives of Sacred Tre...
How sardonyx cameos with Christian imagery moved through courts, treasuries, war, and museums, revealing the history of sacred adornment as custody and redistribution.
Obsidian in the Eurasian Apothecary: From Volca...
How did volcanic glass enter medieval and early modern lapidary medicine? This historical article examines obsidian in apothecary traditions, humoral theory, and Eurasian exchange, separating documented evidence from later speculation.
Obsidian in the Eurasian Apothecary: From Volca...
How did volcanic glass enter medieval and early modern lapidary medicine? This historical article examines obsidian in apothecary traditions, humoral theory, and Eurasian exchange, separating documented evidence from later speculation.